3 results
Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Dysrhythmia
 • Ischemia
 • Cardiomyopathy
 • Valvular disease
Causes of Dyspnea - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cardiac: • Dysrhythmia ... • Interstitial lung ... : • Pleural effusion
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
: weight gain, lung ... edema, bilateral pleural ... effusions). 1/5 ... Consider cardiac ... #diagnosis #management
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
stairs, brisk 4 mph ... exam Determine Cardiac ... event, follow ACC algorithm ... unless prior heart/lung ... medical and surgical management