491 results
Critical and Emergent Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
CRITICAL DIAGNOSES 
 - Cerebral cortex or subcortical 
 -
Critical and Emergent Causes ... subcortical - Brainstem ... subcortical - Brainstem ... Differential #Neurology #Causes
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Causes of Dizziness ... Dysfunction - Nausea ... • Cerebellar / Brainstem ... • Cerebellar / Brainstem ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Internal Jugular Vein Rouleaux Flow on POCUS

Amazing video of a dilated IJV showing Rouleaux flow. Whenever
Rouleaux Flow on POCUS ... Amazing video ... significantly, it causes ... for underlying cause ... Jugular #IJ #Vein #POCUS
Abnormal Doll's Eye (Oculocephalic) Reflex on Physical Examination

Normally, a patient's eyes should move in the opposite
indicating intact brainstem ... PhysicalExam #clinical #video ... ophthalmology #brainstem
Dizziness - Central and Peripheral Causes - Differential Diagnosis
Central Causes:
 • Cerebrovascular:  vertebrobasilar, TIA, Wallenburg,
and Peripheral Causes ... Diagnosis Central Causes ... and hemorrhage, Brainstem ... Malformation Peripheral Causes ... Central #Peripheral #Causes
Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Definitions
 • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults
 •
breathing Pulmonary Causes ... PVFM) Cardiac Causes ... Hematologic Causes ... acidosis of any cause ... mal seizure • Brainstem
Cheyne-Stokes Respirations on Physical Exam
Cheyne-Stokes is a type of breathing disorder characterized by cyclical episodes of
DDx: Brainstem disorder ... Breathing #clinical #video
Important Causes of Diplopia 
TIER 1-CRITICAL
Basilar artery thrombosis, Botulism, Basilar meningitis, Aneurysmn
TIER 2-EMERGENT:
Vertebral dissection, Myasthenia gravis,
Important Causes ... TIER 3-URGENT: Brainstem
Multiple Cranial Neuropathies - High Yield Differential Diagnosis
 • Intrinsic brainstem process
 • Compressive brainstem process
Diagnosis • Intrinsic brainstem ... • Compressive brainstem ... rarely botulism) Casey ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Tinnitus - Subjective (heard only by patient) - 90% - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unilateral On Audiogram -
Auditory Nerve • Brainstem ... • Metabolic Causes ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes