1852 results
Clarkson’s Disease - Capillary leak syndrome
Epidemiology: Roughly 150 published cases, Median age 50 years, No sex
150 published cases ... hypoalbuminemia with no urine ... gammopathy (IgG+++) Treatments ... • No effective treatment ... pulmonary edema) Treatments
SGLT2 Inhibitors and Euglycemic DKA

Risk factors for euglycemic DKA in those on an SGLT2i include:
 •
Ketones in serum or urine ... Treatment involves ... therapy in severe cases
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Diagnosis and Treatment ... vast majority of cases ... Measure urine osmolality ... Treatment: Treatment ... Differential #Diagnosis #Treatment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Cast formation: ... oxidative iniury Treatment ... hour with goal urine ... Summary #causes #treatment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Weakness - Dark urine ... Cast formation: ... oxidative injury Treatment ... Treatment of underlying ... hour with goal urine
Urine Microscopy and Casts - Image Atlas Key

- Squamous Epithelial Casts
- Transitional Epithelial Cells
- Renal Tubular
Urine Microscopy ... and Casts - Image ... - WBC Cast - ... Cast - Waxy Cast ... JoseTesser) #Urine
Granular & “Muddy Brown” Casts on Urine Microscopy
A. Finely granular cast B. slightly coarser granular cast
“Muddy Brown” Casts ... on Urine Microscopy ... Finely granular cast ... “urine poker quads ... #Urine #Microscopy
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Anti-GBM antibody • Urine ... : UA, Urine protein ... hematuria, RBC casts ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Mixed Cellular Casts on Urine Microscopy

Degenerating mixed cellular cast - brightfield, unstained - from patient with
Mixed Cellular Casts ... on Urine Microscopy ... mixed cellular cast ... #Cellular #Casts ... #clinical #Urine
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... - Casts Acellular ... Casts • Hyaline ... Casts - Consists ... #Urine #Microscopy