5499 results
Turbulent Flow in the Internal Jugular Vein on POCUS secondary to a distal thrombus.

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Jugular Vein on POCUS ... many but not all causes ... etc) ♦️Sickle Cell ... some underlying causes ... Turbulence #Flow #POCUS
Eosinophils (Eos) and hypereosinophilia (HE)
Caused by eosinophilopoietic cytokines
Common causes:
 - Drug reaction
 - Helminth infection
 -
hypereosinophilia (HE) Caused ... cytokines Common causes ... disease Rare causes ... : - B or T cell ... CD3-CD4+ T cells
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shift Into Cells ... - Increased Cell ... imports K+ into cells ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
lymphocytes/Mature B cell ... smear: Smudge cells ... or basket cells ... disease • B cell ... AIHA • Pure red cell
Inflammatory mechanism of asthma. 
Airway epithelial cells exposed to activation stimuli, including allergens, viruses, and irritants,
Airway epithelial cells ... promote dendritic cell ... These T cells then ... induce B-cell class ... induce goblet cell
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
• Epithelial cells ... Renal tubular cells ... Dysmorphic red cells ... casts - Diagnostic ... • Hyaline casts
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Glomerular (red blood cells ... eosinophils/white blood cell ... casts on UA) - ... (renal tubular cell ... treating underlying cause
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
of ALL is of B-cell ... involvement • T-cell ... -> AML: Blast crises ... : Granulocytic cells ... form of large cell
Type IV Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Definition: Unique because it is entirely T-Cell mediated; exposure to
is entirely T-Cell ... exposure to allergen causes ... allergen-specific T-Cell ... exposure, because T-Cell ... harmful -> Th Cells
Features of a Sickle Cell Crisis 
Sickle-cell disease - an autosomal recessive blood disorder.
Characterized by red
Features of a Sickle Cell ... Crisis Sickle-cell ... These cells can ... Crises can be precipitated ... Sickle cell disease