35 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
• S - Saddle anesthesia ... - Emergency Causes ... lumbar stenosis • Vascular ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Pathogenesis and clinical ... bladder and rectal reflex ... . saddle anesthesia ... pathophysiology #signs ... #orthopedics #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Syndromes Spinal ... result in permanent neurologic ... Causes of spinal ... in deep tendon reflexes ... loss - Saddle anesthesia
Hoffman's sign. Even in this specific case, accompanied by a clonus outline (rhythmic contractions). The median
this specific case ... pathway and the spinal ... #Reflex #Positive ... #Abnormal #clinical ... #video #neurology
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
39 C this is a clinical ... hyperthermia crisis (late sign ... Phaeochromocytoma Neurologic ... #Differential #Causes ... Checklist #Diagnosis #Management
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
and Myotomes Reflexes ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... saddle (perineal) anesthesia ... Commonly caused ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... Weakness • Spinal ... heavy metals), Critical ... Mitochondrial myopathy, Muscular ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... Signs / Symptoms ... of normal leg reflexes ... Incontinence • Saddle Anesthesia
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
• Initial Management ... • Syndrome caused ... progresses to anaesthesia ... cord function and reflex ... bulbocarvenosus reflex
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
kit (eg 18G Luer spinal ... examination and vital signs ... Plan definitive management ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia ... Checklist #Diagnosis #Management