15 results
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Chronic diarrhoea, Short ... bowel syndrome, ... /jejunal nutrition ... #riskfactors #symptoms ... #nutrition
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Refeeding Syndrome ... initiation of nutrition ... overload) Other Symptoms ... #Nutrition #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Prader-Willi Syndrome ... =>Prader-Willi Syndrome ... Signs/Symptoms ... fractures • Short ... #genetics #pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
Refeeding Syndrome ... Risk of Refeeding Syndrome ... - Little or no nutritional ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency) - Diagnosis and Management

Vitamin C is required for hydroxylation of proline residues
persons with poor nutrition ... musculoskeletal symptoms ... Psychiatric symptoms ... beta-spectrin, which is crucial ... #Nutrition #Diagnosis
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
conjunctiva) • Bitot's spots ... #Xeropthalmia #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
- Refeeding syndrome ... • Korsakoff Syndrome ... : - Impaired short-term ... #beriberi #nutrition ... #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
-> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Keratoconus: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Genetics
 • Family history of keratoconus
 • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
 • Down, Turner,
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome ... Turner, Marfan syndromes ... Keratoconus Signs / Symptoms ... #Keratoconus #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
-> Cherry-red spot ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms