23 results
Aortic Dissection Pearls
Aortic dissection is caused by a tear in the tunica intima, the innermost layer
Aortic Dissection ... is caused by a ... the wall of the aorta ... Evaluation: 1. ... Consider aortic
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Diagnosis and Evaluation ... 2) Presence of symptoms ... (HA, nausea, confusion ... Differential #Algorithm #Ddxof
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... hyperglycemic crises ... diabetes Key signs/symptoms ... Endo #DKA #HHS #Ddxof
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
atheroemboli) • Aorta ... - Aortic dissection ... - Aortic mural ... coagulation and other causes ... Venous #Arterial #pathophysiology
Aortoenteric Fistula - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
• Uncommon but life-threatening
• Most common site of bowel connection
Clinical Signs/Symptoms ... known AAA or prior aortic ... Pathophysiology: ... de novo between aorta ... or within the aorta
High Central Neuraxial Block - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
• Can occur with deliberate or accidental
Symptoms are ... obstetrics, relieve aorto-caval ... of unrelieved aorto-caval ... mimic signs and symptoms ... • Obstetric aorto-caval
Mediastinal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anterior Mediastinal Mass - 5T’s
 • Thymic neoplasm
 • Teratoma (or
Lymphoma • Thoracic aorta ... the most common causes ... aneurysm and aortic ... This is a rare cause ... Mediastinal Mass Symptoms
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
• Ischemia of optic ... optic nerve swelling ... Leakage of optic ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
the abdominal aorta ... retroperitoneal masses ... #Varicocele #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Syphilis - Clinical Manifestations and Treatment

1) Primary Syphilis
 • Direct lesion contact during sex is responsible
responsible for most cases ... ascending thoracic aorta ... resulting in a dilated aorta ... and aortic valve ... infected without symptoms