17 results
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Approach (when evaluation ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Coarctation of aorta ... Neurologic disorders
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... Syndromes #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #neurology
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Chondrodysplasia Neurologic ... Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... #causes #symptoms ... #signs #diagnosis ... #msk
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Diagnosis and Management ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... symptoms are not caused ... anterior/posterior MSK ... #Signs #Symptoms
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
the abdominal aorta ... retroperitoneal masses ... #Varicocele #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Urology #Diagnosis
Optic Neuritis - Diagnosis and Management
 • Epidemiology: Female (75%), 18-50 years,
caucasian
 • Symptoms: Moderate visual
Diagnosis and Management ... orbital pain, (Sub)acute ... Unilateral • Signs ... OCBs (30-70%) • Evolution ... - Typical MS-like
Myasthenia Gravis Overview

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction.  Ab to
test - Cogan sign ... - Peek sign ... aspiration and acute ... Gravis #diagnosis #management ... #neurology
Aortoenteric Fistula - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
• Uncommon but life-threatening
• Most common site of bowel connection
duodenum Clinical Signs ... Pathophysiology: ... de novo between aorta ... patients with acute ... or within the aorta
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... - ACS, AKI, acute ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... TLS #diagnosis #management