10 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... Approach (when evaluation ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Coarctation of aorta
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
the abdominal aorta ... spermatic vein Secondary ... retroperitoneal masses ... #Varicocele #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Chondrodysplasia Neurologic ... Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... #causes #symptoms ... #signs #diagnosis ... #msk
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... Syndromes #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #neurology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... and progressive Acute ... anterior/posterior MSK ... Löfgren syndrome: ACUTE ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs
Aortoenteric Fistula - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
• Uncommon but life-threatening
• Most common site of bowel connection
duodenum Clinical Signs ... /Symptoms: • Classic ... Pathophysiology: ... • Secondary AEF ... patients with acute
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
thyroid disease) • Secondary ... a stroke that caused ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #stages ... #staging #msk
Approach to Joint Pain - Arthritis Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Versus Noninflammatory Pain
 • Is it inflammatory
noninflammatory Signs ... constitutional symptoms ... weeks) Can Be Caused ... tuberculosis) • Fungi, secondary ... Differential #Diagnosis #MSK
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... • Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... • Infectious causes ... diagnosis #management #neurology