8 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
and Evaluation ... onset (acute vs. chronic ... , liver, renal disease ... #EM #IM #Nephro ... Differential #Algorithm #Ddxof
Chronic Abdominal Pain Causes - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Many patients with chronic abdominal pain have had prior
Pain Causes - Differential ... have had prior evaluations ... • Vomiting, diarrhea ... /AMI • PUD • ... #Chronic #Causes
Chronic Diarrhea - Workup
Osmotic:
 • Consider food diary and trial avoiding certain foods or meds, Consider
Chronic Diarrhea ... certain foods or meds ... disease Inflammatory ... #Diarrhea #Workup ... #testing #evaluation
Serious Bacterial Illness (SBI):
1) UTI and pyelonephritis
Most common cause of SBI
Accounts for 3-8% of uncharacterized fevers
Female
pyelonephritis Most common cause ... Consider BCx, CSF evaluation ... as 5-10% bacteremic ... #Peds #EM #Classification ... SeriousBacterialIllness #Ddxof
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
• Common Causes ... , diarrhea related ... to IBD, celiac ... disease, other malabsorptive ... , can consider IM
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) Infections 

Mycobacterial species other than those belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and
status NTM Cause ... encounters due to NTM: Chronic ... patients such as ... liver enzymes, diarrhea ... , abdominal pain
Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR) Diagnosis and Management Summary

WHAT?
 • Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a common systemic inflammatory
of unknown cause ... proximal muscle pain ... bed, or lifting arms ... • An evaluation ... treatment for PMR is a chronic
PFAPA Syndrome - Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and Adenitis

EPIDEMIOLOGY:
PFAPA is the most common syndrome entailing
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: The exact cause ... can also be seen as ... , nausea, diarrhea ... The diagnosis of ... syndrome - chronic