9 results
Approach to Hypoproliferative Macrocytic Anemia

 • 812, Folate Deficiency
 • MDS+
 • Hypothyroid
 • Liver Disease
Hypoproliferative Macrocytic ... Anemia812 ... , Folate Deficiency ... Hypothyroid • Liver Disease ... algorithm #hematology #workup
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... • Drugs Oval Macrocytes ... • Dietary Deficiency ... and Folate Deficiency ... #Macrocytic
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
Algorithm for the evaluation ... of macrocytic anemia ... the most likely cause ... recovery also causes ... deficiency.
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
chronic kidney disease ... MCV - >96fL - "Macrocytic ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin B12 ... Alcohol use, Liver disease ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Cobalamin
Decreased Intake
Pancreas: Insufficiency
Intestine: SIBO, Celiac disease, IBD, Lymphoma, Amyloidosis, Resection,
Causes of Vitamin ... B12 Deficiency ... Intestine: SIBO, Celiac ... disease, IBD, Lymphoma ... Stomach: Pernicious anemia
Gastrointestinal Evaluation of Iron Deficiency Anemia
In patients with anemia, diagnose iron deficiency if:
 • Ferritin <
Gastrointestinal Evaluation ... of Iron Deficiency ... tests Test for celiac ... disease with serology ... #Evaluation #workup
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
Causes of Low Vitamin ... B12 Levels Low ... vitamin B12 intake ... Autoimmune - Pernicious anaemia ... , coeliac disease
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
• Common Causes ... : • Worsening macrocytic ... related to IBD, celiac ... disease, other ... total body stores Evaluation
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... common cytopenia: Macrocytic ... Myeloproliferative Disease ... Nutritional: vitamin B12 ... Workup: • Complete