4 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
and Evaluation ... cardiac, liver, renal ... #EM #IM #Nephro ... #Hypovolemic #Euvolemic ... Differential #Algorithm #Ddxof
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
and Differential Diagnosis ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... suggest intrinsic renal ... #EM #IM #Urology ... Differential #Algorithm #Ddxof
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... irrigation • Management ... Kidney stones caused ... kidney disease • Liddle ... hypervolemic and euvolemic
Approach to Microscopic Hematuria 

Microscopic hematuria is often incidental but may be associated with urologic malignancy.
RBC's, cellular casts ... on microscopic evaluation ... with cystoscopy & renal ... #Microscopic #diagnosis ... #management #urology