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Causes of Back Pain #Diagnosis #EM #PrimaryCare #Differential #Back #Pain #BackPain #Spinal #Referred #Algorithm #Ddxof
Causes of Back Pain ... #Diagnosis #EM ... #Differential #Back ... #Pain #BackPain ... Referred #Algorithm #Ddxof
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Syndrome - Low back ... pain, sciatica, ... saddle (perineal ... Commonly caused ... #neurology #sensory
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
• Severe low back ... sequestration • Saddle ... Mnemonic: • S - Saddle ... - Emergency Causes ... #causes #neurology
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
wasting, radicular pain ... bowel dysfunction, back ... pain • Imaging ... neurological symptoms • Caused ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
- Differential Diagnosis ... affects the skin, neurologic ... rhinitis/sinusitis, saddle ... tract, and often causes ... involvement, abdominal pain
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
The Neurological Evaluation ... Differential Diagnosis ... Possible responses to pain ... wrists flexed back ... #PhysicalExam #neurology