8 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... seen if urine sample ... - Diagnostic of ... crystals may indicate metabolic ... #nephrology #casts
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Diuretics (discontinued ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... Differential #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Workup
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... : Differential Diagnosis ... after renal tubule ... deficiency • Liddle ... #Causes #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Regulating Renal ... resistance • Metabolic ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Kidney stones caused ... #Diuresis #Nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... Approach (when evaluation ... , including a diuretic ... hypokalemia and metabolic ... Neurologic disorders
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes