2008 results
Renal Tubular Disorders

 • Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (Type 1)
 • Proximal Renal Tubular Acidosis (Type
Renal Tubular Disorders ... • Distal Renal ... ) • Proximal Renal ... • Hyperkalemic Renal ... pathophysiology #nephrology #diagnosis
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) Diagnosis and Management
 • Distal (type 1) RTA
 • Proximal (type 2)
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... (RTA) Diagnosis ... Management • Distal ... 4) RTA #rta #Renal ... Tubular #Acidosis #Diagnosis
Hypertension and Altered Mental Status (AMS) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hypertension:
 • Hypertensive emergency
 • Hypertensive encephalopathy
- Differential Diagnosis ... Pre-Eclampsia Renal ... Acute/Chronic renal ... failure • Renal ... • Scleroderma renal
Legionnaire's Disease - Extrapulmonary organ involvement: CNS: Mental confusion, encephalopathic, headache. Cardiac: Relative bradycardia. GI: Loose
involvement: CNS: Mental ... Renal: Microscopic ... hematuria, renal ... insufficiency #Diagnosis
Retroperitoneal Space Anatomy
Fascial Anatomy: 
 - Anterior Renal Fascia
 - Lateroconal Fascia
 - Posterior Renal Fascia
: - Anterior Renal ... Fascia - Posterior Renal ... Posterior Para renal ... space in between Central ... axial #transverse #radiology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
) - Prerenal, Renal ... Postrenal PRE-RENAL ... Vascular occlusion RENAL ... Infection POST-RENAL ... /phimosis #Diagnosis
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) 
Type 1 - Failure of secretion
Type 2 - Bicarbonate wasting
Type 4 -
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... early juvenile distal ... salt diet #Renal ... classification #nephrology #diagnosis
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework 
Pre-Renal
Post-Renal
Intrinsic Renal:
 • Tubules (ATN)
 • Glomerular:
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework Pre-Renal ... Post-Renal Intrinsic ... Renal: • Tubules ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... = Hyperkalemic Renal ... uncimchiefs #RTA #Renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Hyperkalemic Type 4 RTA
 • Hypokalemic Type 1 RTA
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... - Diagnosis Algorithm ... RTA • RTA of renal ... Type 2 RTA #RTA #Renal ... Tubular #Acidosis #Diagnosis