15 results
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?)
(+)
sedative use, CNS ... /muscular disorders ... Contraction Urine Cl ... Mineralocorticoid • Primary ... #algorithm #diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Cause ... - Metabolic alkalosis ... - Gitelman SIGNS ... metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... Algorithm Cl- ... the indicated causes ... #urine #Algorithm ... #diagnosis
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... - Differential Diagnosis ... acidosis: - CNS ... #AcidBase #disorders
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... and Differential Diagnosis ... investigations depending on clinical ... context and signs ... #nephrology #causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... and metabolic alkalosis ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... renal bruit or signs ... Neurologic disorders
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... should be based on clinical ... Suspect in movement disorders ... Demyelinating disease caused
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... (idiopathic), CNS ... SUI or UUI not caused ... Pathophysiology #Signs ... #Diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes