16 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... acidosis: Gl tract ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Urine Electrolyte Interpretation - AKI, Hyponatremia, Hypokalemia and Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis

#Urine #Electrolytes #Interpretation #ULytes #AKI #FENa
Hyponatremia, Hypokalemia ... and Non-Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis #Urine ... #FENa #FEUrea #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
(AG) = {Na - (Cl ... - Differential Diagnosis ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase ... Interpretation #Diagnosis ... #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Metabolic Acidosis ... Potassium-sparing ... aniongap #NonGap #Metabolic ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
metabolic acidosis ... Anion gap metabolic ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
complications such as ... treated with IV potassium ... acidosis: Proximal ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #low
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... • Recent IV potassium ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... #high #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Cellular Shift:
   - Exercise
- Differential Diagnosis ... Exercise - Metabolic ... Acidosis - ... : Blood draw error ... #Causes #potassium
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... decarboxylation/gas ... muscle cells • Gas ... acidosis - Cl ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology