10 results
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
volume-based algorithm Urine ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... sodium is typically ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Diagnosis and Treatment ... Dehydration: neurologic disease ... #Diagnosis #Treatment ... #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
24-hour urine ... Spot PC (protein ... in monitoring low-level ... testing #workup #diagnosis ... #nephritic #nephrology
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
anti-Smith Ab, low ... permanent alopecia Differential ... edema, active urine ... , lymphopenia, low ... La, anti-Jo-1, SCL
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Measure urine osmolality ... vaptans (HF/liver disease ... #Diagnosis #Treatment ... #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Spot PC (protein ... in monitoring low-level ... #workup #diagnosis ... initial #testing #nephrology ... #nephrotic #nephritis
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Antibiotics (Bactrim, PCN ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... lysis) ± Urine ... acidosis) • Low ... #potassium #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Autoimmune disease ... #nephrology #management
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
worsening of that disease ... • AIDS with low ... pericarditis, peritoneal disease ... granulomatous nephritis ... Leishmaniasis Differential