9 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) Check Urine ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #sodium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... sodium is typically ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Diagnosis and Treatment ... Dehydration: neurologic disease ... #Diagnosis #Treatment ... #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... Measure urine osmolality ... #Diagnosis #Treatment ... #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
life-threatening diseases ... Inflammatory eye disease ... mononeuritis multiplex WORKUP ... : UA, Urine protein ... #treatment
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Spot PC (protein ... in monitoring low-level ... glomerular #testing #workup ... #diagnosis #glomerulonephritis ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
reabsorption) Workup ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... lysis) ± Urine ... acidosis) • Low ... #potassium #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
1) 24-hour urine ... Spot PC (protein ... in monitoring low-level ... #workup #diagnosis ... initial #testing #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Autoimmune disease ... #nephrology #management