13 results
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... Urine Cl - Non-reabsorbable ... #potassium #differential ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... consumption • Low ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia Diagnostic Algorithm
To assess potassium excretion: perform 24-hour urine collection or alternatively obtain potassium-to-creatinine ratio on
Hypokalemia Diagnostic ... perform 24-hour urine ... suggest renal K wasting ... Algorithm #TTKG #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Kidney loss of Cl ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... of sodium and potassium ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Na/Cl > 1.6, low ... urine Cl; • ... urine Cl; • ... confirmed via genetic testing ... correcting serum potassium
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
originate from a low-grade ... Positive Coombs testing ... post infectious setting ... Hemoglobinuria (PCH ... passage of red-brown urine
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
24-hour urine ... Spot PC (protein ... in monitoring low-level ... #workup #diagnosis ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Elevated Renin Urine ... Testing: - Hypocalciuria ... Fractional excretion of Cl ... dominant kidney disease ... #Workup #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
1) 24-hour urine ... Spot PC (protein ... in monitoring low-level ... #workup #diagnosis ... #nephrology #nephrotic
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
tourniquet / IVF line draw ... lysis) ± Urine ... acidosis) • Low ... Management #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K