6 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urine chloride is ... sodium is typically ... the excretion of sodium ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Chloride Intoxication ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... nephron → - ↑ K+ ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Antibiotics (Bactrim, PCN ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... lysis) ± Urine ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic ... Elevated Renin Urine ... Inappropriate renal K+ ... Fractional excretion of Cl ... #Workup #nephrology