15 results
Differential diagnosis for toxic/metabolic encephalopathies - Patterns on Brain Imaging

Cynthia Czawlytko, MD @drcyncity

#Differential #diagnosis #encephalopathies #encephalopathy
Differential diagnosis ... - Patterns on Brain ... encephalopathy #Brain ... imaging #patterns #MRI ... #Neurology #pathology
MRI Brain Sequence Comparison: T1 vs T2 vs FLAIR
T1:
 - CSF is Dark
 - Grey Matter
MRI Brain Sequence ... T1 #T2 #FLAIR #MRI ... #Brain #Comparison ... clinical #radiology #diagnosis ... #neurology
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
and Metabolic Brain ... Pons: ODS #MRI ... Toxicology #Metabolic #Brain ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Radiology #Neurology
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
is required for diagnosis ... heart valves • MRI ... brain for cerebral ... often seen • MRI ... brain for cerebral
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... Compatible syndrome + MRI ... RingEnhancing #Lesions #Brain ... #differential #diagnosis ... causes #radiology #neurology
How do you work up an ischemic CVA?
A) Initial Evaluation
 • ABCs
 • IV access, monitor
a NCCT or • MRI ... brain w/o contrast ... Detected on NCCT vs MRI ... stroke #workup #diagnosis ... #checklist #neurology
Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Pachymeningitis is a rare condition that causes areas of a layer
- Differential Diagnosis ... spinal cord and brain ... of patients MRI ... of patients MRI ... Pachymeningitis #HP #Neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... nervous system: Brain ... • Infectious: Brain ... EMG) studies • MRI ... #neurology
McDonald Criteria for Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis
 • 2 or more attacks, 2 or more lesions
McDonald Criteria for Diagnosis ... Dissemination in space on MR ... in space in the brain ... McDonald #Criteria #Diagnosis ... Sclerosis #MS #neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
through the blood-brain ... similar to PML, but MRI ... Diagnosis: MRI ... PML (JC virus) Brain ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology