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CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 
OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY. 

Primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency:
 - Tiredness, weakness, mental depression
MANIFESTATIONS OF ADRENAL ... and secondary adrenal ... axillary and pubic hair ... insipidus #Adrenal ... Signs #Symptoms #Adrenal
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia - 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency - Signs and Symptoms
 • Brain: Androgenization effects, Glucocorticoid effects,
Congenital Adrenal ... , Male-pattern hair ... resistance • Adrenal ... subfertility, Adrenal ... CAH #Congenital #Adrenal
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Primary Adrenal ... Damage of the adrenal ... Metastatic Disease -> Adrenals ... axillary or pubic hair ... HYDROCORTISONE #Primary #adrenal
Hirsutism - Differential Diagnosis
Defined as excessive dark, coarse, male-pattern hair growth
Hirsutism causes in premenopausal women:
 •
, male-pattern hair ... Androgen-secreting tumors: Adrenal
Differential Diagnosis and Workup for Male Gynecomastia:
Medications: spironolactone, ketoconazole, finasteride, alcohol, opiates, INH, steroids (testosterone, estrogen),
muscle mass, body hair ... estradiol) - Adrenal ... disease Cirrhosis Renal
Peripheral Blood shows a subset of atypical lymphocytes with hairy-like cytoplasmic projection.
#Clinical #Path #BloodSmear #Blood #Smear
lymphocytes with hairy-like ... #Blood #Smear #Hairy
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
algorithm Decreased renal ... excretion • Acute renal ... • Congenital adrenal ... Addison's/congenital adrenal ... high: • Post-renal
Hair Apposition Technique (HAT) for Scalp Lacerations
Look how well the hair tie brings together these wound
Hair Apposition ... Look how well the hair ... Hair must be at ... Clean surrounding hair ... adhere to wet hair
Adrenal Crisis
Do not confuse acute adrenal crisis with Addison disease. In 1855, Thomas Addison described a
Adrenal Crisis ... confuse acute adrenal ... syndrome of long-term adrenal ... contrast, an acute adrenal ... be a cause of adrenal
Tarsal Tunnel - Medial Ankle Anatomy
Mnemonic: Tom, Dick And Nervous Harry
 - Tom: Tibialis posterior tendon⁣⁣
Dick And Nervous Harry ... tibial Nerve⁣⁣ - Harry