215 results
Complications of Portal Hypertension
 • Hepatic Encephalopathy
 • Pulmonary: Hepatopulmonary syndrome, Portopulmonary hypertension, Hepatic hydrothorax
 •
Complications of Portal Hypertension ... Hepatopulmonary syndrome ... Portopulmonary hypertension ... Renal: Hepatorenal syndrome ... Complications #hepatology
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Secondary Causes ... • Nephritic syndrome ... Excess: • Conn's syndrome ... Licorice • Liddle's syndrome ... RAS Metabolic Causes
Causes of Ascites - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Portal Hypertension - Prehepatic:
 • Portal vein thrombosis
 • Splenic
Causes of Ascites ... • Budd-Chiari syndrome ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Hepatology ... #causes
Hypertension and Altered Mental Status (AMS) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hypertension:
 • Hypertensive emergency
 • Hypertensive encephalopathy
Hypertension and ... • Cushing’s syndrome ... Scleroderma renal crises ... • Serotonin syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
and Secondary Causes ... taken at home, work ... Secondary Causes ... excess (Cushing syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Workup and Differential ... Hypercalcemia, Cushing's syndrome ... White-coat syndrome ... Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... #Workup #causes
Evaluation of Secondary Hypertension
 • Primary aldosteronism - PRA, PAC
 • Renal artery stenosis - Renal
Evaluation of Secondary Hypertension ... fT4 • Cushing syndrome ... Mineralocorticoid excess syndromes ... PAC #Secondary #Hypertension ... resistant #Evaluation #workup
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Hypertension. t ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndromes
Pharmacologic Treatment of Hypertensive Emergencies in Pregnancy
Drug - Dose range - Onset/oeak/duration - Side effects
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- Bradycardia, hypotension ... , tachycardia, nausea ... , lupus-like syndrome ... - Urapidil - Nausea ... #Hypertensive
Secondary causes of Hypertension
 • Medications, Drugs, Chemo: NSAIDS, Steroids, CNI, Alcohol, Cocaine, OCP, Licorice, MAOI,
Secondary causes ... of Hypertension ... Other Endocrine causes ... low renin HTN causes ... #Hypertension #