10 results
Hypoxemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm by A-a Gradient

Normal A-a Gradient:
 • ↓ Atmospheric pressure
 • Hypoventilation: CNS
neuromuscular disease, ↓ chest ... Shunt: Cardiac, Vascular ... , Alveolar • V ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #pulmonary ... #Aa #Gradient
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Chest Pain:
 • Myocardium:
	- Myocarditis
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
	- Myopericarditis
Myopericarditis • Vascular ... - Tamponade Pulmonary ... Causes of Chest ... Pleuritis • Alveoli ... : - CHF - Pneumonia
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Age-Adjusted Gradient • Alveolar ... Hypoventilation Syndrome, Muscular ... Weakness, Loss of Chest ... UnremarkableLab #AA ... #Gradient #alveolar
On the left another patient with alveolar edema at admission, which resolved after treatment.
When you scroll
another patient with alveolar ... difference in vascular ... Radiology #CXR #CHF ... #Alveolar #Pulmonary ... AlveolarEdema #RadiologyAssistant
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Cardiomyopathy Valvular ... Regurgitation • Sub-Valvular ... Thickening/Masses Chest ... Alveoli • Pneumonia ... Interstitium • ILD • CHF
Stage I - Redistribution
In a normal chest film with the patient standing erect, the pulmonary vessels
The pulmonary vascular ... during a period of CHF ... increased width of the vascular ... Radiology #CXR #CHF ... Redistribution #RadiologyAssistant
Notice that even within each lobe there is a gravity dependent difference in density.
This is only
transudate like in CHF ... Clinical #Radiology #CTChest ... #CHF #Alveolar ... #Pulmonary #Edema ... Gravity #Dependent #RadiologyAssistant
Stage III - Alveolar edema
This stage is characterized by continued fluid leakage into the interstitium, which
increased width of the vascular ... redistribution of the pulmonary ... Radiology #CXR #CHF ... #Alveolar #Pulmonary ... AlveolarEdema #RadiologyAssistant
Previous normal chest x-ray (left) and CHF stage II with perihilar haze (right). On the left
Previous normal chest ... x-ray (left) and CHF ... diameter of the pulmonary ... #Vascular #Engorgement ... #Thickening #RadiologyAssistant
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is the result of insufficient output because of cardiac failure, high resistance
heart failure (CHF ... finally into the alveoli ... can be seen on a chest-film ... a patient with CHF ... Findings #Diagram #RadiologyAssistant