30 results
Sarcoidosis 
Non-caseating granulomas (Composed of T-helper & inflammatory cells) 
Clinical:
 • Disease fatal in 10% of
(Composed of T-helper ... & inflammatory cells ... Constitutional: Fever ... Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis #Symptoms ... #Signs #Pulmonary
Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis: Pathogenesis and investigations
Risk Factors:
 - Unclear environmental triggers (may be viral, not
mutation) that alter ... yrs old; F>M Signs ... /Symptoms: - Fever ... Anemia - Giant cells ... #Symptoms #Vasculitis
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Diagnosis and Management ... tissue: Epithelioid cells ... anterior/posterior MSK ... Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis #Management ... #Signs #Symptoms
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
Toxic diffuse goiter ... arrhythmia - Fever ... hyperthyroidism #causes ... endocrinology #signs ... #symptoms #thyroid
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
• Varicella-zoster ... Coltivirus Symptoms ... Photophobia • Nausea ... influenzae Symptoms ... Acute meningeal signs
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
high WBC count cause ... - 80% have fever ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... Lysis of tumor cells ... TLS #diagnosis #management
Post-Transplantation Lymphoproliferative Disorders (PTLD)
Definition: Lymphoid and/or plasmacytic proliferations that occur as a result of immunosuppression in
in lung>heart>liver ... Conditioning regimen Signs ... EBV viral load, signs ... to 50% of PTLD cases ... oncology #diagnosis #management
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
some red blood cells ... - Low-grade fever ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms ... - The classic signs
Intraoperative Circulatory Embolus - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Causes: thrombus, fat, amniotic fluid, air/gas.
Signs: hypotension, tachycardia,
in Anaesthesia Causes ... Signs: hypotension ... decreased ETCO2 Symptoms ... mainstay of initial management ... field to below level
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Presentation: • Fever ... and petechiae Causes ... index < 2 • EPO Level ... • Improve the symptoms ... hematology #diagnosis #management