17 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
mimics complete • Central ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
syndrome, history ... • Meningeal signs ... Systemic symptoms and signs ... arteritis • Acute ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: Pathogenesis, clinical, and radiographic findings

Trauma, Fall on, outstretched arm, Overhead throwing => Abduction
muscle, tendon, ligaments ... to glenoid -> Acute ... Dislocation #Diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... disc herniation (central ... lumbar spine Signs ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #symptoms #signs
NINDS Diagnostic Criteria for Guillain Barre Syndrome 
Features Required for Guillain-Barré Syndrome:
 • Progressive muscle weakness
sensory symptoms or signs ... sensory level • Central ... nervous system signs ... hexacarbon abuse • Acute ... diagnosis #criteria #neurology
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
Refeeding Syndrome ... source; oral, enteral ... Constipation - MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
elbow x-ray review alignment ... anterior sail sign ... can't make A-OK sign ... ), compartment syndrome ... #Orthopedics #MSK
Ureteral Stone on Renal POCUS

A 23yo male with no significant PMHx presents with acute LLQ pain,
Stone on Renal POCUS ... presents with acute ... After you control ... DC home (w/ op urology ... controlled, & no signs
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
hypertension at an older ... hypertension and signs ... heart failure, neurologic ... renal bruit or signs ... Neurologic disorders