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diagnosis blood product reactions activation apml dermatology differential differentiation erythematous hemophagocytic leukostasis lymphohistiocytosis lysis macrophage mas nikolsky oncology rash rheumatology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
Overwhelming clinical syndrome ... acute or subacute febrile ... following: • Fever ... Lymphohistiocytosis #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #hematology
Erythematous Rashes - THE ALGORITHMIC APPROACH Characterized by diffuse redness of the skin due to capillary congestion, erythematous
or absence of fever ... If fever is present ... disease, scarlet fever ... but without a fever ... #Nikolsky #Febrile
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS) Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) What? A subset of
disease • Periodic fever ... multiorgan failure • Fever ... - Nonremitting fever ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Hematology #Rheumatology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML Epidemiology: • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study) • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... Subacute-Acute: • Common: fever ... Rare: DAH, acute febrile ... APML #diagnosis #management ... #hematology #oncology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... - 80% have fever ... Treatment: - If febrile ... TLS #diagnosis #management ... #hematology
Blood Transfusion Reactions Immune Mediated: • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Mediated: • Febrile ... S/sx: Fever, flank ... have drop in Hct, fever ... Sx include: fever ... #hematology #reactions
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Mediated: - Febrile ... S/sx: Fever, flank ... have drop in Hct, fever ... Sx include: fever ... #hematology #reactions
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