10 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
CNS Infection in ... CNS Opportunistic ... • IRIS might ... Infections in HIV ... #CNS #Infections
Stroke Mimics - Differential Diagnosis - MINT Mnemonic
 • Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia, Hypoglycemia, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Mitochondrial Encephalopathy
Lactic Acidosis and ... Hypercarbia • Infectious ... : Bell's palsy ( ... HSV), Vestibular ... neuronitis, CNS
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
a decrease in HIV ... increase in CD4+ cells ... pleural effusions, CNS ... skin lesions, ocular ... Zoster flare, ocular
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
infects the CNS ... early stages of infection ... cells in the CNS ... Diagnosis: MRI ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
history of cancer, HIV ... brain lesion • CNS ... infection (e.g. ... #Algorithm #neurology ... #PHANTOMS #mnemonic
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS ... ): • In HIV+, usually ... not direct infection ... or abruptly • CN ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
- Differential Diagnosis ... affects the skin, neurologic ... multiplex • GI tract: Abdominal ... gut involvement, abdominal ... chorioretinitis, CNS
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Lung Infections ... Diagnosis Framework ... Lymphadenopathy, CNS ... lymphadenopathy, • Abdominal ... #differential #diagnosis
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
that results in CNS ... bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... Pleocytosis > 100 cells ... simplex virus, HIV ... #management #neurology
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
Pulmonary 3) Abdominal ... especially the CNS ... MC: CNS CSF: • ... osteoarticular, pulmonary, ocular ... : • Serology for