13 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
CNS Infection in ... CNS Opportunistic ... required until immune ... Infections in HIV ... #CNS #Infections
Stroke Mimics - Differential Diagnosis - MINT Mnemonic
 • Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia, Hypoglycemia, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Mitochondrial Encephalopathy
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hypercarbia • Infectious ... : Bell's palsy ( ... HSV), Vestibular ... neuronitis, CNS
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
and infects the CNS ... early stages of infection ... cells in the CNS ... Diagnosis: MRI ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... pulmonary etc) • CNS ... Polymyositis • Immune ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes Immune-mediated ... nervous system (CNS ... important, as early diagnosis ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... BEE #Syndromes #neurology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
- Differential Diagnosis ... affects the skin, neurologic ... multiplex • GI tract: Abdominal ... gut involvement, abdominal ... chorioretinitis, CNS
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
narrowing and collapse Immune ... (IRIS): • In HIV ... and not direct infection ... or abruptly • CN ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
Mycoses HISTOPLASMOSIS ... Pulmonary 3) Abdominal ... especially the CNS ... MC: CNS CSF: • ... osteoarticular, pulmonary, ocular
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
of treatment of HIV ... increase in CD4+ cells ... pleural effusions, CNS ... skin lesions, ocular ... Zoster flare, ocular
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Herpesviruses (MCC: HSV ... Develops in the immune ... Singh @rav7ks #CNS ... #diagnosis #neurology