10 results
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology ... Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS ... Polydipsia #dka #hhs ... #pathophysiology ... #comparison #endocrinology
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... - hyperglycemic ... patients with diabetes ... signs/symptoms of HHS ... Pathophys #EM #IM
DKA vs HHS
 - Think of DKA and HHS on a spectrum of hyperglycemic emergencies
 -
a spectrum of hyperglycemic ... comparison #laboratory #diagnosis ... #endocrinology ... #comparison #diabetic ... #hyperosmolar #hyperglycemic
Ketosis Disorders - Comparison Table
 • Starvation Ketosis
 • Alcoholic Ketoacidosis (AKA)
 • Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Ketoacidosis (AKA) • Diabetic ... Euglycemic DKA • Hyperglycemic ... ) • DKA/HHS Overlap ... #differential #diagnosis ... #management #endocrinology
Hyperglycemic Crisis - Algorithm for DKA/HHS

Diagnostic criteria for DKA:
 • pH < 7.3
 • Anion gap
Hyperglycemic Crisis ... Diagnostic criteria ... #Hyperglycemic ... Algorithm #management #endocrinology ... #Diabetes #DM2
Diabetes Morning Hyperglycemia - Dawn Phenomenon vs Somogyi Effect 

When patients FBG's are elevated each morning
Diabetes Morning ... those without diabetes ... hypoglycemia in the late ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Endocrinology
Anaphylaxis: Treatments (Acute)
Additional Info:
 • IV steroids may be considered for prevention of late phase reactions.
Anaphylaxis: Treatments ... prevention of late ... minimum of 4-6 hrs ... treatment) 1:1000 IM ... Treatments #Management #pathophysiology
Hypoglycemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Workup:
 • Sulfonylurea Labs
 • Anti-lnsulin Ab - Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome
 •
and Differential Diagnosis ... fast to trigger hypoglycemic ... Measure glucose q6 hrs ... , 20 & 30 mins later ... #insulinoma #endocrinology
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
Diabetic ketoacidosis ... • Hyperglycemic ... of both DKA & HHS ... #differential #diagnosis ... #management #endocrinology
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
antigen assay has ... MUCORMYCOSIS • Risk: Diabetes ... Mucormycosis has ... Aspergillosis Pathophysiology ... shock • Mortality rate