9 results
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology ... of Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... #pathophysiology ... #comparison #endocrinology ... #diabetes #diabetic
DKA vs HHS
 - Think of DKA and HHS on a spectrum of hyperglycemic emergencies
 -
= insulin sensitive ... restart any home insulin ... comparison #laboratory #diagnosis ... #endocrinology ... #comparison #diabetic
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... patients with diabetes ... seizure) #Pathophys #EM ... #IM #Endo #DKA ... #HHS #Ddxof
Differential Diagnosis of Hypoglycemia
Evaluation of Hypoglycemia
Patients with known diabetes who are not systemically ill and can
Differential Diagnosis ... Patients with known diabetes ... Other studies: insulin ... antibodies #Diagnosis ... #EM #IM #Hypoglycemia
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA ... patients with type 2 diabetes ... have new-onset diabetes ... previously established diabetes ... are Euglycemic Diabetic
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... ensure patient has ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology ... #diabetes
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
Diabetic ketoacidosis ... ) - partial insulin ... of both DKA & HHS ... #differential #diagnosis ... #management #endocrinology
Diabetes Morning Hyperglycemia - Dawn Phenomenon vs Somogyi Effect 

When patients FBG's are elevated each morning
Diabetes Morning ... those without diabetes ... patients without diabetes ... hypoglycemia in the late ... Effect #Fasting #Diabetes
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
antigen assay has ... MUCORMYCOSIS • Risk: Diabetes ... Mucormycosis has ... Aspergillosis Pathophysiology ... shock • Mortality rate