13 results
Pleural effusion is not always visible as a meniscus in the costophrenic angle. 
A subpulmonic effusion
Pleural effusion ... with signs of CHF ... first glance you might ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Pleural
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
edema, bilateral pleural ... → no signs of CXR ... endomyocardial biopsy Pharmacology ... diagnosis #management #cardiology ... #pharmacology #
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
node and AV node activity ... inotropy) ACCP Cardiology ... Vaughan #Williams #Pharmacology ... Classification #Classes #pathophysiology ... #cardiology
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
tuberculosis (LTBI) Pathophysiology ... (Anorexia) • Night ... organ system: • Pleura ... and Culture • CXR ... disease • Check CXR
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology ... node and AV node activity ... inotropy) ACCP Cardiology ... Classification #Classes #pathophysiology ... #phases #cardiology
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
tuberculosis (LTBI) Pathophysiology ... (Anorexia) • Night ... organ system: • Pleura ... and Culture • CXR ... disease • Check CXR
Pleural effusion is bilateral in 70% of cases of CHF.
When unilateral, it is slightly more often
Pleural effusion ... 70% of cases of CHF ... more often on the right ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Pleural
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
crackles in the right ... hemorrhage, and seizure activity ... decreased respiratory rate ... • Pathophysiology ... exit rates of pleural
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Digoxin Pharmacology ... and Pathophysiology ... Decreased heart rate ... #Pathophysiology ... #cardiology
PA view
On the PA chest-film it is important to examine all the areas where the lung
for instance the right ... we will discuss later ... lymphadenopathy, pleural ... Clinical #Anatomy #Radiology ... #CXR #Normal #Labeled