20 results
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
insufficient oxygen delivered ... hemoglobin in arterial ... oxygen content of arterial ... #pulmonary #differential ... diagnosis #causes #pathophysiology
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)
• At least 3 different P wave morphologies: 
• Rate 100-180
• Irregular 
Etiology
Multifocal Atrial ... disease (COPD) • Hypoxia ... • Pulmonary hypertension ... Management ... #Multifocal #Atrial
Oxygen Delivery Equation
DO2 = CO x {(1.39 x Hb x sO2) + (PaO2 x 0.03)}
DO2 =
Oxygen Delivery ... x 0.03)} DO2 = Rate ... hemoglobin PaO2 = Partial ... #Equation #pathophysiology ... #pulmonary #apples
Atrial Fibrillation Overview

Symptoms:
Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

1. Why?
Cardiac:
• Valvular heart disease
•
Atrial Fibrillation ... Palpitations, light-headedness ... Noncardiac: • Pulmonary ... Rate Control • ... Fibrillation #Cardiology #Management
Right Heart Catheterization Cheat Sheet: Interpretation of Pressures and Waveforms 
Direct measurements
 ● Central venous pressure
pressures (RA, RV) ● Pulmonary ... (PAp) ● Pulmonary ... – CVP]/CO) ● Pulmonary ... SVI = CI/heart rate ... 0.136) ● Oxygen delivery
Mask Oxygen Delivery Devices

Simple Mask aka Hudson's Mask:
 • Flow 6-10 LPM
 • FiO2 35-50%
Face Tent:
not tolerate a tight-fitting ... specified flow rate ... • FiO2 24-60% Partial ... #Devices #management ... #pulmonary #criticalcare
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Atrial Fibrillation ... Palpitations, light-headedness ... Noncardiac: • Pulmonary ... block or WPW Rate ... AFib #diagnosis #management
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) and Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Definition: mean pulmonary-artery pressure > 25mmHg
embolism Pathophysiology ... • Decreasing right ... thromboembolic material ... antagonist • BENEFiT Trial ... Thromboendarterectomy #diagnosis #management
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
upright position • Hypoxemia ... cardiac cycles after right ... Quantifies degree of hypoxemia ... cirrhosis • Intra-pulmonary ... perfusion scanning or pulmonary
ExtraCorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Fundamentals
Definitions:
 • ExtraCorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) provides prolonged pulmonary and/or circulatory support
provides prolonged pulmonary ... the Venous side (right ... atrium), providing ... VV: Refractory hypoxemia ... Oxygenation #diagnosis #management