74 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
- Differential Diagnosis ... intake, Diuretics (late ... syndrome PRA: plasma renin ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Hyperkalemia • Direct renin ... Aliskiren) • Renin ... #differential #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology #
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
- Differential Diagnosis ... intake, Diuretics (late ... artery stenosis, Renin-secreting ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Sensitivity is the proportion of truly diseased persons in the screened population who are identified as
Sensitivity is the ... are identified as ... Sensitivity indicates ... will correctly diagnose ... sensitive implies being
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect
Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine
 • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
Anticonvulsants as ... Allergic reaction -> Benign ... #SideEffects #Pathophysiology ... #Psychiatry #Pharmacology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
injury, Early ALS ... syndrome, Eclampsia, Late ... ALS - Dr. ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology ... Contraction → ↑ Renin ... Gitelman #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Medications
Aging
 -> Increased Testosterone -> Testosterone metabolized into DHT by type
Benign Prostatic ... ) -> Increased Sensitivity ... inflammation #BPH #Benign ... Hyperplasia #Prostate #Pathophysiology ... #Medications #Pharmacology
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
right with bands being ... Differential Diagnosis ... science/article/abs ... #differential #diagnosis ... CBC #hematology #pathophysiology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... : - Neuro: AMS ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... proliferation rate ... #diagnosis #management