21 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... Medications Renal ... Losses Non-renal ... GI losses (NG suction ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Vomiting, NGT suction ... intake, Diuretics (late ... ) • High Urine ... PRA: Renal artery ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Vomiting, NGT suction ... intake, Diuretics (late ... ) • High Urine ... PRA: Renal artery ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis ... - Salicylates (late ... Addison disease - Renal ... Diagnosis #Acidosis #Alkalosis ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Acidosis Causes of High-anion ... oxoproline) • Renal ... Renal acidosis ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
0.8 Normal + High ... 0.8-2.0 Pure High ... salicylates) R Renal ... - Diarrhea - Renal ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis ... Vomiting • NG suction ... Chloridorrhea Renal ... • Penicillins Renal ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation ... suggests extra-renal ... urinary losses: • High ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... , nasogastric suction ... Villous adenoma Renal ... chewing tobacco, Renal ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... - Transfusion reaction ... deficiency • Renal ... causes #potassium #high ... #nephrology