3831 results
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Villous adenoma • Laxative ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Possible Causes ... Medications: laxatives ... nitrofurantoin), laxatives ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Decreased intake (rare cause ... NG suction • Laxatives ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
- Extrarenal Laxatives ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology ... #Causes #hypomg
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... • Laxative use ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Hypermagnesemia - Diagnosis and Management

Hypermagnesemia is a serum magnesium concentration > 2.6 mg/dL.
Symptoms include hyporeflexia, hypotension,
mortality in ICU Causes ... Magnesium-containing laxatives ... helpful in severe cases ... Management #magnesium #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Diarrhea* (including laxative ... #Hypokalemia #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Types of Laxatives #constipation #chart #pharmacology #laxatives
Types of Laxatives ... #pharmacology #laxatives
Causes of Hypermagnesemia
Increased magnesium load
 - Magnesium-containing laxatives, antacids, or enemas
 - Treatment of pre-edampsia/eclampsia (mothers
Causes of Hypermagnesemia ... Magnesium-containing laxatives ... Hypermagnesemia #Causes
Pharmacologic Management of Constipation 
Fiber Laxatives
 - Bran powder
 - Psyllium
 - Methylcellulose
 - Calcium polycarbophil
Constipation Fiber Laxatives ... Mineral oil Osmotic Laxatives ... 3350) Stimulant Laxatives