43 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
PCR 50% sensitive ... splenomegaly Other infections ... multiple lesions Infectious ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
CNS Infection in ... Opportunistic Infections ... infections result ... infections typically ... #Infections #differential
Listeriosis Summary - Listeria Monocytogenes
Pathogen: Listeria Monocytogenes - Gram-positive rod, Aerobic, facultative anaerobe, motile, beta-hemolytic, Non-spore-forming
Risk
food, salad bar Clinical ... infection Diagnosis ... Gastroenteritis) • PCR ... ) • CSF (CNS Infection ... ) • MRI / CT if
Listeriosis Summary - Listeria Monocytogenes
Pathogen: Listeria Monocytogenes - Gram-positive rod, Aerobic, facultative anaerobe, motile, beta-hemolytic, Non-spore-forming
Risk
food, salad bar Clinical ... infection Diagnosis ... Gastroenteritis) • PCR ... ) • CSF (CNS Infection ... ) • MRI / CT if
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
Pulmonary Infections ... spp, Atypical infection ... Microsporidum Non-infectious ... bronchoscopy Infectious ... #Pulmonary #Infections
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... suggests calculi/infection ... intrinsic renal disease ... #EM #IM #Urology ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
- Due to Viral infection ... Polyclonal - Viral Infection ... Clinical Presentation ... Check For: • Infections ... Polyclonal IgM post infectious
Causes of Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis
Hepatocellular - Liver Parenchyma
 • Infectious: Hepatitis C, A,
Liver Injury - Differential ... Diagnosis Hepatocellular ... Parenchyma • Infectious ... C, A, E, B, D, EBV ... Hepatitis, TPN • Infectious
Miliary Pattern - Chest Radiology
 • Miliary opacities are scattered, small (1 -4 mm) nodules
 •
hematogenous spread of a disease ... Opacities: • Infectious ... Nocardia, zoonotic infections ... #CXR #clinical ... #CT
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Diagnosis for Pulmonary ... allopurinol), Infection ... anti-ANCA ab, anti-GBM ... resolution chest CT ... DAH, rule out infection