16 results
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
antimicrobials, clinical ... BCNIE Diagnostic ... factors: - Serology ... Diseases Fellows ... #differential #
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... suggests calculi/infection ... intrinsic renal disease ... #EM #IM #Urology ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... toxo IgG • CNS PCR ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... should be based on clinical ... Inferomedial temporal lobes ... enhancement on CT ... Demyelinating disease
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Diagnosis for Pulmonary ... allopurinol), Infection ... anti-ANCA ab, anti-GBM ... resolution chest CT ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Donath-Landsteiner Antibodies[PCH ... Clinical Presentation ... - Mycoplasma, EBV ... younger pts) Differential ... Hemoglobinuria (PCH
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
occipital and parietal lobes ... may precede the neurologic ... Shock, Autoimmune disease ... Reversible course Differential ... Infection, Electrolyte
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
association • M > F Clinical ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... +/- myocardial infarction ... Behcet syndrome (Clinical ... ) Differential Diagnosis
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... virus • CMV • EBV ... • Common clinical ... rav7ks #CNS #Infections ... diagnosis #neurology
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
polymicrobial infection ... Lung Abscess - Clinical ... seen • Chest CT ... Clindamycin in case of PCN ... Lung Abscess Differential