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The fourth pattern includes abnormalities that result in decreased lung attenuation or air-filled lesions.
These include:
- Emphysema
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The fourth pattern ... - Emphysema - Lung ... low attenuation pattern ... on the basis of HRCT ... Pulmonary #CTChest #LowAttenuation
Differential diagnosis on HRCT
Most of our knowledge about imaging findings in interstitial lung disease comes from
in interstitial lung ... four patterns: ... is interstitial lung ... the most common pattern ... The cystic pattern
Low Attenuation pattern 
1. Lymphangiomyomatosis (LAM): uniform cysts in woman of child-bearing age; no history of
Low Attenuation pattern ... Clinical #Radiology #HRCT ... #CTChest #LowAttenuation ... #Cystic #Pattern
Low Attenuation pattern (2) 
1. Centrilobular emphysema: low attenuation areas without walls. Notice the centrilobular artery
Low Attenuation pattern ... Clinical #Radiology #HRCT ... #CTChest #LowAttenuation ... #Cystic #Pattern
Figure 3 HRCT-LUS correlation in normal lung, pulmonary congestion, rheumatoid lung disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Notes: (A)
Figure 3 HRCT-LUS ... correlation in normal lung ... artifact); (G) UIP pattern ... Clinical #Diagnosis #HRCT ... #Table #ILD #Findings
Nodular pattern
1. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: ill defined centrilobular nodules.
2. Miliary TB: random nodules
3. Sarcoidosis: nodules with perilymphatic
Nodular pattern ... Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: ill ... Clinical #Radiology #HRCT ... CTChest #Nodular #Pattern
Diagnostic algorithm for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, in part adapted from the ATS/ERS consensus statement. HRCT =
Diagnostic algorithm ... HRCT = high-resolution ... computerised tomography; ILD ... = interstitial lung ... #IPF #UIP #Algorithm
The idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) comprise a heterogenous group of disorders. 
They represent fundamental responses of
responses of the lung ... have specific patterns ... morphologic findings on HRCT ... realise, that these patterns ... IdiopathicInterstitialPneumonia #ILD
Algorithm for nodular pattern
The algorithm to distinguish perilymphatic, random and centrilobular nodules is the following:
- Look
Algorithm for nodular ... pattern The algorithm ... are visible, the pattern ... Radiology #Pulmonary #HRCT ... NodularPattern #Nodular #Pattern
Approach to the diagnosis of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis. 
*Consider additional test: bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage, transbronchial
transbronchial lung ... transbronchial lung ... hypersensitivity pneumonitis; HRCT ... pulmonary #diagnosis #algorithm ... #HP #ILD