18 results
Steroid Synthesis Pathway

(OH, hydroxy; HSD, hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; DHEA, dehydroepiandrosterone; pink, common enzymes affecting CAH, purple –
enzymes affecting CAH ... Synthesis #Pathway #metabolism ... #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Vitamin D Metabolism
Fat-soluble vitamin
Sources: dermal synthesis and food (dairy products, fish)
Active form: calcitriol (1,25-OH Vitamin D)
Main
Vitamin D Metabolism ... absorption of Ca ... mendesthiagob #VitaminD #Metabolism ... #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Hirsutism - Differential Diagnosis
Defined as excessive dark, coarse, male-pattern hair growth
Hirsutism causes in premenopausal women:
 •
, coarse, male-pattern ... • Non-classic CAH ... Rare: Cushing's Syndrome ... Ovary • Cushing's Syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #endocrinology
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia - 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency - Signs and Symptoms
 • Brain: Androgenization effects, Glucocorticoid effects,
), Male-pattern ... pressure • Glucose Metabolism ... ), Hernias (CAH-X ... ), Myopathy (CAH-X ... Symptoms #diagnosis #endocrinology
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
Refeeding Syndrome ... • Incr Glucose Metabolism ... - Metabolic ... Decr Serum K, Mg, Ca ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Puberty Onset (BA = CA ... Puberty Onset (BA < CA ... • Turner Syndrome ... CHF) • Inborn Metabolism ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... Contraction → ↑ Renin ↑ Ca ... #Pathophysiology
Hypoglycemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Workup:
 • Sulfonylurea Labs
 • Anti-lnsulin Ab - Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome
 •
Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome ... tumor burden & metabolic ... insulinoma, BG can ... Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome ... Diagnosis #insulinoma #endocrinology
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
bodies are a normal metabolic ... fatty acid (FA) metabolism ... of re-feeding syndrome ... alcoholics, often can ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
They can be grouped ... and decreased metabolism ... rare): - Reye syndrome ... deficiency #Ammonia #Pathophysiology