10 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... acidosis: Gl tract ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Acidosis (HAGMA ... ) - Differential ... associated with short ... underexcretion of acids ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Sweat: Cystic ... of sodium and potassium ... acid salts. ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Differentials? ... D D-lactate (short ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... , Pyroglutamic acid ... Potassium-sparing ... #Acidosis #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
of hypokalemia starts ... Renal tubular acidosis ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... algorithm #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Alkalosis: Differential ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... ) • Cystic fibrosis ... other • Severe potassium ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Hyperoxaluria • Cystine ... type A/B • Uric Acid ... Renal Tubular Acidosis ... Stones #pediatrics #nephrology ... #differential #
There are similarities and differences between these 3 conditions which all carry treatment implications. Each mimic
mobilizes fatty acids ... produce Acetoacetic acid ... The metabolism of ... provided the starting potassium ... #diagnosis #differential
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Hypochloremic metabolic ... Hypocalciuria (spot ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology