9 results
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... associated with short ... salicylate toxicity causes ... underexcretion of acids ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... of hypokalemia starts ... Renal tubular acidosis ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... #nephrology #potassium
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Differentials? ... D D-lactate (short ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential ... perfusion - shock->treatments ... patient’s complete medical ... before beginning treatment ... #Elevation #Differential
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
to be in ADHF starts ... importantly, bedside ultrasound ... & Dry) is the treatment ... the determined cause ... #diagnosis #differential
Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (AGMA) Differential Diagnosis - MUDPILES and GOLDMARK

M - Methanol
U - Uremia
D -
(AGMA) Differential ... Iron L - Lactic acid ... D - D-lactate (short ... and is usually clinically ... also emerged as causes
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
- Causes progressive ... failure Diagnosis - Medical ... conditions listed in differential ... diagnosis column Treatment ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Diagnosis (Clinical ... Normal kidney ultrasound ... Treatment Overview ... • Medical: ... Syndrome #Hepatology #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
tubule (DCT) Clinical ... Hypocalciuria (spot ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment