15 results
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Differential Diagnosis Renal ... and Gitelman syndrome ... hypomagnesemia Renal ... Hypercalcemia, Post renal ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... , Gitelman syndrom ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
diarrhea / IBD Renal ... - Transient renal ... - Familial renal ... - Gitelman ... Diagnosis #Low #Magnesium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... (renal potassium ... , Renal tubular ... #Gitelman #Syndrome ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Inappropriate renal ... Inappropriate renal ... kidney disease Renal ... #Workup #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... • Renal tubular ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... algorithm #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation ... potassium(K) & magnesium ... suggests extra-renal ... , Gitelman syndrome ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Villous adenoma Renal ... chewing tobacco, Renal ... diuretic use), Gitelman's ... syndrome (mimics ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Pharmacological Treatment of Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Midodrine - Alpha agonist incr blood pressure incr renal perfusion pressure
of Hepatorenal Syndrome ... pressure incr renal ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Nephrology #Management ... #Pharmacology #
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... • Magnesium depletion ... aldosterone • Renal ... #Hypokalemia ... #Nephrology #Differential