20 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine sediment Microscopic ... pain + gross or microscopic ... hematuria • Signs ... microscopic and ... #urology #nephrology
Peripheral and Central Causes of Vertigo
Peripheral Causes (Common):
 - Labyrinth: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Méniére disease,
Peripheral and Central ... Causes of Vertigo ... ): - Vascular ... hemorrhage - Non-vascular ... #diagnosis #neurology
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
ANCA-positive vasculitis ... polyangiitis, Microscopic ... ANCA-negative vasculitis ... IgA-associated vasculitis ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Causes of Dizziness ... Bone Fracture Central ... neurologic symptoms/signs ... Glomus Tumors - Vascular ... #Neurology #Differential
Causes of Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Massive Hemoptysis (>I00 mL in 24 hours)
 • Malignancy
 •
Causes of Hemoptysis ... • Pulmonary Vasculitis ... Goodpasture's Syndrome ... polyangiitis / microscopic ... polyangiitis Vascular
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
and Central Vertigo ... CENTRAL VERTIGO ... Vascular disorders ... varying neurologic signs ... #Vertigo #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... : • Vascular: Emboli ... , Thrombosis, Vasculitis ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes #algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
dipstick, urine microscopy ... clinical context and signs ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
PR3-ANCA): • Microscopic ... tract, and often causes ... gastrointestinal, and/or central ... purpura: strong sign ... Dx: GPA, EGPA, microscopic
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
 • Onset: Sudden
 • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
Peripheral and Central ... or minutes with vascular ... causes, such as ... #findings #signs ... symptoms #comparison #neurology