11 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Genetic disorders (e.g ... endocrine neoplasia type ... 1 or type 2A, familial ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Endocrinology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... May be 10 (eg direct ... #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... granulomatous diseases ... Diabetes #Insipidus #Classification ... #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Hepatorenal Syndrome Diagnosis
 • ↑ in serum Cr of ≥ 0.3mg/dL above baseline
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... Diagnosis • ↑ ... • Severe liver disease ... (e.g. advanced ... #nephrology #criteria
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
• Autoimmune diseases ... Labs/Diagnosis: ... tissue disorder (e.g ... Cryoglobulins #diagnosis ... #types #classification
Albuminuria (Grades) and Risk for CKD
Normal to mildly increased albuminuria:
 - Albumin excretion rate: < 30
progressive kidney disease ... defined as nephrotic syndrome ... Macroalbuminuria is a type ... Albuminuria #Grades #classification ... #diagnosis #proteinuria
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential Diagnosis ... presentations and disease ... laboratory or diagnostic ... - Compartment syndrome ... #typeb #classification
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... heart failure, neurologic ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Renal parenchymal disease ... Neurologic disorders
Atrioventricular Blocks (AV blocks) - ECG Diagnosis Summary
First Degree AV Block
 • The P wave is
Diagnosis Summary ... wave is normal in morphology ... advanced conduction disease ... #ecg #diagnosis ... electrocardiogram #classification
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
Cushing's Syndrome ... Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis ... dehydrogenase type ... #Cushings #Syndrome ... signs #symptoms #endocrinology