8 results
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Algorithm Acidosis ... - RTA - Diarrhea ... #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... • Chronic diarrhea ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
failure (uremia ... : - Diarrhea ... acidosis/Chronic ... restrictive lung disease ... #Summary #Nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... GI Absorption: Chronic ... Diarrhea, Antacids ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #workup
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Malabsorption, Chronic ... diarrhea, Poor ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... Denosumab, Estrogen based ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... nasogastric suction, Diarrhea ... tubular acidosis ... Hypokalemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Hypocalciuria (spot ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Autoimmune disease ... tubular acidosis ... #nephrology #management
Management of Pruritus in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Pruritus with no primary lesions - differential diagnosis:
Patients with Chronic ... lesions - differential ... diagnosis: • ... Renal pruritus ... #Uremia #Management