8 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... Urine chloride is ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Hypothyroidism, Low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... > 30): SIADH, Medications ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... • Euvolemic (Low ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
there a dialysis indication ... : Hypovolemia, Low ... obstruction, Nephrotoxic drugs ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... #AKI #Acute #KidneyInjury
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Management of Convulsive Status Epilepticus in children
Stabilization Phase (Seizure 0-5 minutes):
 • Check and maintain ABC
• Give high flow ... Antiepileptic Drug ... Alternative medications ... IV Thiopental Sodium ... pediatrics #peds #algorithm