7 results
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... > 30): SIADH, Medications ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #sodium #nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
vasoconstriction syndrome ... Toxic: Alcohol, Medication ... , Recreational drugs ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... #Causes #neurology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
in pernicious anemia ... • Refeeding syndrome ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... vomiting) • Low ... #nephrology #low
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Dyskeratosis congenita • Drugs ... - Cytotoxic drugs ... - Antithyroid medications ... Treatment: ... may result from low
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
inflammatory disease How ... ) • Sepsis • Drug-induced ... with leukopenia, anemia ... 10,000 ng/mL • Hyponatremia ... Treatment: • Corticosteroids
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
circulation If drugs ... LV failure - Low ... - Compartment syndrome ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... - HIV/HAART medications
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
PALPITATIONS: Medications ... • Serotonergic drugs ... Hyperthyroidism • Anemia ... decreased brain flow ... #Palpitations #Cardiology