27 results
differential algorithm causes management hyponatremia gitelman hyperkalemia hypokalemia potassium treatment alkalosis high kidney metabolic pathophysiology proteinuria workup acidosis acute aki
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome • Urine Chloride • Urine Ca/Cr ratio Dr. Krithika
from Bartter syndrome ... • Urine Chloride ... • Urine Ca/Cr ... Bartter #Algorithm #nephrology ... #hypokalemia #diagnosis
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... RBC casts in urine ... #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Hepatorenal Syndrome Diagnosis • ↑ in serum Cr of ≥ 0.3mg/dL above baseline
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... Diagnosis • ↑ ... 2 HRS) • Low urine ... #diagnosis #HRS ... #nephrology #criteria
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
uric acid >4 • Urine ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... • Urine Na > 30 ... Hyponatremia #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color Red Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Causes of Altered Urine ... Purple (Purple Urine ... #Altered #Urine ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification Prerenal: • Dehydration • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome) • Liver failure
Kidney Injury - Classification ... a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... a.k.a. hepatorenal syndrome ... tract infection • Medications ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm 1) Check Urine ... , Cushing syndrome ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... > 30): SIADH, Medications ... Hyponatremia #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... Contraction → ↑ Renin ↑ Ca ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... sodium is typically ... the excretion of sodium ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
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